Graphite oxide can be exfoliated using any organic solvent to form go and produce different form dispersion with different longterm stability and thickness of single layer go. The popping step is unique and essential, not only generating a high. Preparation of carboncoated iron oxide nanoparticles. Graphite oxide was acquired from the oxidation of graphite by improved hummers method and characterized by xray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared absorbance spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. In br ief, gra phite po wder 10 g w as disper sed in cold concentrated sulphuric acid 230 ml, 98 wt. Natural flake graphite nfg was procured from loba chemie india having a mean size of 60 mesh and purity of 98%. Preparation and characterization of reduced graphene oxide.
Voltammogram for graphite material is very similar to its oxide form. Graphite oxide is synthesized via oxidation reaction using oxidant compounds that have lattice defects by the incorporation of unlike functional groups. The preparation of composite material of graphene oxide. Massive production of graphene oxide from expanded graphite ling sun, bunshi fugetsu1 graduate school of environmental science, hokkaido university, sapporo 0600810, japan abstract. It is commonly used by engineering and lab technicians as a reliable method of producing quantities of graphite oxide.
Herein, we report the synthesis of the graphite oxide with diverse surface oxygen content through three b, c, d different modified versions of the hummers method assisted microwave radiation. In this method, the experiment was synthesized without sodium nitrate nano 3 and ice. Pdf graphene oxide go can be regarded as one typical twodimension. In the first step, bulk graphite would be oxidized by chemical oxidation to become hydrophilic graphite oxide go. Abstract reduced graphene oxidecuozno rgocuozno and cuozno nanocomposites had been synthesized following simple hydrothermal process. Synthesis of graphite oxide with different surface oxygen contents. The mixture of different mass ratios expanded graphitegraphite oxide was subjected to stir for 2 h.
Graphene graphite is composed of two dimensional sheets of sp2hybridized, hexagonally arranged carbon atoms the graphene that are regularly stacked. The facile development of the hybrid clay graphene oxide nanocomposite has been achieved by a cost. Graphene oxide graphene oxide power, paste, dispersion and. Nov 25, 2019 to improve the electrolysis efficiency, graphite material is partly used in both the cathode and anode.
We found that the go area is strongly correlated with the c. The preparation of go can modified to produce certain functionalized go which has lower or higher conductivity properties than pristine graphene,14. The ash content of the graphite, as determined by tga was lower than 0. We report a facile preparation of graphene by rapid reduction and expansion exfoliation of sulfuric acid intercalated graphite oxide sigo at temperature just above 100c in ambient atmosphere, noting that sigo is easily available as the immediate oxidation descendent of graphite in sulfuric acid. We propose an ultrasoundfree preparation of graphene oxide using spontaneous exfoliation of specifically. This graphene material is called reduced graphene oxide, often abbreviated to rgo.
Go was obtained from graphite flakes by using modified hummers method in which different from conventional hummers method. By reducing graphene oxide, these oxidized functional groups are removed, to obtain a graphene material. Graphene oxide go can be considered as one of the most visible outcomes of graphene research in terms of large scale production and commercialization prospects. Graphene oxide go was prepared from graphite according to the hummersoffeman method. Under high pressures and temperatures it converts to diamond. Preparation of graphene gr based electrode materials with excellent capacitive properties is of great importance to supercapacitors. Pdf synthesis of graphite oxide with different surface. It occurs naturally in this form and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions. Pdf synthesis of graphite oxide with different surface oxygen. Preparation of cement composites with ordered microstructures. Sulfuric acid intercalated graphite oxide for graphene. Freestanding janus graphene oxide with anisotropic properties for 2d materials as surfactant. Graphite oxide is then exfoliated into monolayers or fewlayered stacks of graphene oxide xgo. Preparation of graphene from chemical reduction of graphene oxide go is recognized as one of the most promising methods for largescale and lowcost production of graphenebased materials.
Ultrasonically assisted preparation of graphene by kathrin hielscher, hielscher ultrasonics gmbh. Graphene oxide paper or graphite oxide paper is a material fabricated from graphite oxide. Reactivitycontrolled preparation of ultralarge graphene. Read preparation and characterization of graphite oxidepolypyrrole composites, carbon on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Jan 31, 2015 a novel heterogeneous solid base catalyst was prepared by graphite oxide loaded with k2co3 compound and successfully applied to transesterification of soybean oil with methanol to biodiesel fatty acid methyl esters. Download product flyer is to download pdf in new tab. Graphite oxide was prepared according to the modified hummers method. Pdf graphite oxide is synthesized via oxidation reaction using oxidant compounds that have lattice. Preparation, characterization of graphite oxide loaded with k. Cn103288078b the preparation method of graphene oxide. These methods allow not only the production of graphite oxide but also reduced graphene oxide, without. Efficient preparation of largearea graphene oxide sheets for. Cn101760011b method for preparing nylon 6graphite oxide. Jul 26, 2007 here we report the preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper, a free standing carbonbased membrane material made by flowdirected assembly of individual graphene oxide sheets.
The invention relates to a method for preparing a nylon 6 graphite oxide nanocomposite. Pokhodenko, year2012 graphenes with different oxidation. The preparation of composite material of graphene oxide polystyrene. Preparation of goncement composites the goncement composites were prepared by uniformly mixing water, pcs, and gons. Graphite oxide is a powerful, versatile material valued by researchers searching for advancements in biomaterials, electronics, and solar technology. The present invention is a kind of preparation method of graphene oxide, fully reacts, obtain graphene oxide by after graphite, benzoyl peroxide, peracetic acidhydrogen peroxide mixing through vibratory milling. Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide reduced.
Redox method 1521 is the most popular method to prepare graphene and graphite oxide. We offer graphene oxide in the powder, solutions with variable concentrations and as films. Here, we describe protocols for chemical and mechanical exfoliation of graphite to produce endotoxin. Here we report the preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper, a freestanding carbonbased membrane material made by flow. The graphite was exfoliated using the high intensity ultrasound. Graphene oxide go has been initially prepared by a modified hummersmethod. The membranes are typically obtained by slow evaporation of graphene oxide solution or by the filtration. In this paper, graphite oxide was prepared from natural flake graphite by hummers method through liquid oxidization, and the reduced graphene oxide was obtained by chemical reduction of graphene oxide using nh 3 ch 2 o aqueous solution and hydrazine hydrate.
The aim of this study is to study the influence of different solvents on the structure and electrical properties of graphene oxide. Graphene is the big material of the moment and indeed it does some pretty amazing things that. Study on the preparation of go and rgo by chemical and. Green preparation of reduced graphene oxide for sensing.
Quality graphene scrolls from graphite oxide by a microexplosion method, advanced materials on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Preparation of graphite oxide by a modified version hummers method. The preparation of graphite oxide is one of essential steps for graphene by oxidation reduction method. Pdf synthesis and reduction of large sized graphene oxide. Pdf synthesis and reduction of large sized graphene. In a typical synthesis process, natural graphite powders were oxidized to graphite oxide using a modified hummers method. Graphite oxide is just one of the many cuttingedge nanomaterials offered by acs material. Pdf graphene oxide go can be regarded as one typical twodimension structured oxygenated planar molecular material. Graphite oxide, formerly called graphitic oxide or graphitic acid, is a compound of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in variable ratios, obtained by treating graphite with strong oxidizers. Graphite oxide was synthesized from natural graphite sp1 by a modified hummers method. These methods allow not only the production of graphite oxide but also reduced graphene. O content of the graphite oxide, which enables the area of the synthesized go sheets to be controlled.
Novel preparation of hydrophilic graphenegraphene oxide. How to make graphene oxide part 1 improved audio youtube. However, the challenge is to synthesize graphene in a bulk quantity. Preparation and characterization of graphite oxide. Graphene materials with different structures prepared from. Our graphene oxide is noted for its mechanical and thermal properties. Binderfree graphene oxide doughs nature communications. Enzyme immobilization on graphite oxide go surface via onepot synthesis of gometalorganic framework composites for largesubstrate biocatalysis.
The expanded graphite was prepared firstly and then prepared graphene oxide via further oxidation. Efficient preparation of largearea graphene oxide sheets. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Although go can be easily prepared by oxidationexfoliation of graphite in agitated solutions, the size of these sheets is generally limited due to fragmentation along fault lines during chemical oxidation and exfoliation in agitated. It was showed that the graphite interlayer distance. Recent developments of graphene oxidebased membranes. Here we introduce a modified chemical exfoliation technique to prepare largearea graphene oxide go sheets.
Graphite ks6 was selected as the starting material. Here is an overview of the synthesis, properties, and applications of graphene and related materials primarily, graphite oxide and its colloidal suspensions and materials made from them, from a materials science perspective. Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper nature. The amount of graphite used for the synthesis of graphene oxide go is very important factor.
Synthesis of graphene oxide go by modified hummers. Preparation of graphitic oxide journal of the american. Preparation and mechanical properties of graphene oxide. We report a facile preparation of graphene by rapid reduction and expansion exfoliation of sulfuric acid intercalated graphite oxide sigo at temperature just above 100c in ambient atmosphere. The preparation of graphite oxide and reduced graphene oxide. The preparation of electrodeposited electrodes involves two electrodes that. Herein, we report a facile approach to prepare partially reduced graphite oxide prg nanosheets by reducing graphite oxide go using commercial cu2o powder as a reduction agent, m. Here we reported an improved nano3free hummers method by partly replacing kmno4 with k2feo4 and controlling the amount of. The production of ultralarge graphene oxide ulgo is hindered by sluggish diffusion process of the oxidizing agents into graphite layers, as well as sheet fracture resulting from inhomogeneous oxidation. Micrometer thick films of graphene oxide paper are also named as graphite oxide membranes in the 1960s or more recently graphene oxide membranes.
Here we report the preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper, a freestanding carbonbased membrane material made by flowdirected assembly of individual graphene oxide sheets. Study of reduced graphene oxide preparation by hummers. Synthesis of graphene oxide using modified hummers method. In the method, caprolactam is adopted for in situ hydrolysis and ringopening polymerization to prepare the nylon 6 graphite oxide nanocomposite, so that caprolactam monomers are easy to perform insitu intercalative polymerization to dissociate a graphite oxide lamella, and the dispersing uniformity of the. During the oxidation process, graphite crystal was treated with strong oxidizing agents and carried oxygencontaining functional groups into graphite oxide sheet.
Subsequently reduced graphene oxide rgo having few layer graphene is extracted from go by the thermal reduction of go. This study reports a new, green, and efficient reducing agent. In a deviation from the conventional hummers method, a spontaneous expansion approach was introduced with expanded graphite as the precursors. The prepared catalyst was characterized using techniques such as fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, xray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive xray. Pdf structure and synthesis of graphene oxide researchgate. In this study, graphene oxide was synthesized via exfoliation of graphite oxide, performed through a colloidal suspension route. The maximum area of the go sheets obtained can reach. Preparation of graphene oxide based on expanded graphite. Massive production of graphene oxide from expanded graphite. Different characterizations such as, xray diffraction xrd, fourier transform infrared ftir had been investigated to confirm the formation of the nanocomposites and the uvvis studies revealed the step by step. To further improve the efficiency of the electrolysis, the graphite may be replaced by graphene oxide go and reduced graphene oxide rgo because of their outstanding electrical, mechanical and chemical properties. Nanotech energy has developed a proprietary process for the preparation of graphite oxide on a large scale. Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper. The raw material graphite is chemically processed to obtain monolayer flakes of graphene oxide.
Further modification of these methods is necessary to produce biocompatible and toxin. This work presents the preparation of hydrophilic graphenegraphene oxide nanosheets by liquidshearexfoliation using graphite oxide as an additive. In the present study, clay graphene oxide nanocomposite catalysts were successfully used for the first time in the multicomponent one pot organic synthesis. Green preparation of reduced graphene oxide for sensing and. Graphite, graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced. Facile preparation of partially reduced graphite oxide. The characterization data of the graphite are included in the supporting information s. Quality graphene scrolls from graphite oxide by a microexplosion method fanyan zeng college of chemistry and chemical engineering, hunan university, changsha 410082, p. Highefficient synthesis of graphene oxide based on improved. Graphene oxide with high degree of oxidation and peelable has been prepared by twostep oxidation method used large flake graphite. Nanomaterials free fulltext synthesis of graphite oxide with.
Figure 8d shows an fetem micrograph in high resolution, in which large regions of defectfree graphene are clear. Materials chemistry department, institute of inorganic chemistry as cr v. Various aspects for the graphene oxide reactivity were a. Hummers method is a chemical process that can be used to generate graphite oxide through the addition of potassium permanganate to a solution of graphite, sodium nitrate, and sulfuric acid. The graphite oxide was further treated with ultrasonic processing for 60 min. The preparation method of graphene oxide of the present invention, easy, cheap, quick, efficient, and there is the advantage of security, economy, the feature of environmental protection. Graphene oxide is the oxidized form of graphene produced by oxidizing crystal graphite with a mixture of sulfuric acid, sodium.
Purification and preparation of graphite oxide from. The maximally oxidized bulk product is a yellow solid with c. Massive production of graphene oxide from expanded graphite arxiv. And the asprepared graphenegraphene oxide nanosheets are applied to the synthesis of the threedimensional graphenepolyaniline composites that are applied as supercapacitor electrodes directly. This new material outperforms many other paperlike materials in stiffness and strength.
Here we report the preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper, a free standing carbonbased membrane material made by flowdirected assembly of individual graphene oxide sheets. Pdf preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper. Graphite oxides were obtained from scale, flake and synthetic graphites by two methods denoted a and b commercial graphite powders were ground in a planetary ball mill and sieved to a particle size pdf info publication number wo2010042912a1. Graphite oxide was prepared by modified hummers method from purified natural graphite sample from west kalimantan. Preparation of go the synthetic process of go mainly contains two steps. Graphene oxide go, an oxidative exfoliation product of graphite, has gained significant interest as a building block to create graphenebased a. Graphite oxide has attracted much interest as a possible route for preparation of natural graphite in the largescale production and manipulation of graphene as a material with extraordinary electronic properties. Higher the concentration of graphite, lesser the penetration of oxidation.
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